Lockdown Learning and the difficulties that come with it...

After our CoL PLG meeting last week, I couldn't help but think about my next steps for my CoL inquiry.

We're back to online learning and we as teachers know the impacts of how this can be difficult for some of our learners.

My target group a.k.a THE PASHISKA BOYS were so amped, so passionate and enthusiastic about our PASHISKA WAY project. So, to break it down, my intervention design was project based. This idea was initiated by myself, due to it being effective last year. The only difference is, my boys were planning everything this year.

The intervention was to launch the project in Week 9 where the boys would host their whanau, our classroom and our principals to what they call "THE PASHISKA WAY". The boys planned to use the last block of a Thursday afternoon (23rd September) to prepare an island feast for the guests and perform for them as a form of entertaining the guests while they enjoy their food. The performance was going to be a mash-up of cultural dances from the Cook Islands, Tonga and Aotearoa - where the boys were from.

Planning the intervention involved:

-the boys writing a proposal of their project to Mr Herlihy

-a letter asking for funding to Mr Herlihy (again)

-brainstorming what the day would look like

-researching recipes of what food to make

-writing a letter to parents/caregivers

-dance practices during lunch break

-meeting with myself x3 a week to share what they had come up with and discuss our next-steps.

Come Week 4 of this term, NZ goes into a nation-wide lockdown. The intervention was put on hold.

To keep the energy and motivation - I endeavoured to meet with the 6 boys online, separate to our class sessions. First meeting was meant to be yesterday via google meets. Only one student responded. It's disheartening because I know it's out of our control.

My goal is to try and meet with the boys online. Talanoa about ideas and ways we could continue the project. Could it still work? Is there a next step?

This intervention is driven by the learners, it's authentic and it allows the teacher to step aside and let the learners show their full potential and what they're capable of. These boys are not at the curriculum level they should be working on, but this project provided opportunities for the students to WRITE, BRAINSTORM, TALANOA, RESEARCH & PLAN something that was meaningful and valued by them.

A couple of years ago, I had real success with my group of boys I worked with for my CoL inquiry. The first time I met with the Pashiska boys last term, it only felt right to share my 2018 success story with them. I shared my presentation with them, showed them pieces of writing produced by those boys in the beginning of 2018 and at the end of 2018. I wish I had a camera to snap the reaction from the PASHISKA boys. This was how I hooked my target group in to my 2021 CoL inquiry.

Blogpost #9 - My Journey so far...

My inquiry is FINALLY beginning to make sense. It's like someone trying to see their reflection in murky waters.

My inquiry this year focuses on something internal, raw, real, truthful. Yes, my focus is on Identity & Cultural competencies and my inquiry questions about "Accelerated Shift" in literacy through teaching in a more culturally responsive way...BUT, it still doesn't quite hit the nail on the head with what I really want to share.

I've been a CoL teacher for Glen Taylor since Term 3, 2018. Now, in 2021, the processes are beginning to make more sense to me. You create an inquiry question, plan and hypothesise how to achieve the question, begin your investigation/study, research it and present your findings at the end of the year. Then you repeat it the following year. But I think it's more than that. It takes more than testing and data collecting to change data results of students from Pacific backgrounds. I say this, because I was one.

If I think back to my primary years, testing was based on answering questions about something I was unfamiliar with. At times, I remember I had to write about 'skiing', and I had no idea what to write because I'd never touched snow before. 

But it was in Year 8, I remember when my South African teacher organised an 'international food day' and we all had to bring a cultural dish from home to share with our Syndicates. I remember standing at the front of the hall in my cultural attire, sharing, smiling and dancing away when the Tongan flag appeared on the screen and a Tongan song was playing in the background. The next day, we were told to write about the experience. I remember getting an 'excellent' for that piece of writing. I had a smile that painted my face that whole day.

That one experience had lived with me till now. This is what I do in my class with my kids. Restoring the faith in them that they are good 'writers' or 'readers'....but through a cultural approach.

I believe the teacher holds the key. If the teacher does not change their practice, then how can we expect a change/shift in student achievement? To teach our dominantly Pasifika & Maori students, you HAVE TO make a connection, and that comes from within.

Dr Rae Si'ilata stated at our Term 1 Teacher only Day, "English can never translate the depth of our Reo & Talanoa". 

We need to encourage our learners to come into the room with the voices that have raised and taught them. Privilege the native speaker, recognise the language and cultural resources. Teach through the medium of their languages.

This is why I decided my inquiry will focus on IDENTITY & CULTURAL COMPETENCIES. Rather than focusing on 1 particular learning area, I apply this practice in all learning areas in my class but because the criteria for CoL achievement challenges expects us to choose a learning area, I decided on literacy. Literacy provides the space for expression and story telling. It enables the learner to speak from the fatu or write to 'hit the fatu'. This is why I chose literacy as my subject of focus.

As teachers, it's important you understand your own distinctiveness, identity and culture in deep and meaningful ways in order to genuinely engage and respond to the distinctiveness, identity and culture of others. For young Maori and Pacific people in NZ, research shows that the stronger our cultural identity, the stronger our wellbeing is (Hawk et al, 2002). If we embrace and strengthen cultural identity, we strengthen our wellbeing. The more we teachers understand ourselves, the better we can understand our learners.

Documents being used & how: TAPASA & TATAIAKO 

• TURU 1: Identities, Languages and Culture - 
  
  • Use experts in the class all the time - use them as experts
  • Learn to pronounce my name correctly
  • Don’t be scared to ask the kids the questions.  
  • Learn greetings in our home language
  • Watch them before school or in the playground play and interact (especially Pasifika)- how to take it into learning programme.
  • Ask what they’d be doing at church time especially celebrations
  • Pg 7: number 2, not be frightened to get pronunciation wrong and show i’ve given it a go but follow up with the question of ‘have i pronounced that right’, can you help me.
  • Be out in the carpark and talking to families in the carpark, supermarkets.

• TURU 2: Collaborative and respectful relationships and professional behaviour

• Build relationships with Pasifika communities and cultural leaders.

• TURU 3:Effective Pacific pedagogies

• Observe, listen carefully and waited longer - don’t interrupt children’s thinking.

Blogpost #7 - Academic & Professional Readings...

Share three pieces of academic or professional reading and explain how they and other sources helped you form hypotheses about aspects of teaching that might contribute to current patterns of learning.

Inquiry Question: Can we make accelerated shifts in Literacy through teaching Identity and Cultural Competencies?

1. Difficulties relating to teaching and learning are derived largely from the kinds of conflicts that arise in the process of translating foreign ideas and the difficulty of conceptualising these ideas. Most of the content as well as the methods of our formal education systems have been and continue to be based on mainly western rather than indigenous systems.

As teachers we owe it to ourselves and our communities to look towards our cultures, (the contexts in which the task of educating future generations is carried out), for clues to some of the questions that vex us today. We need to share this cultural knowledge with those who come to us...so they too would better understand the context in which we work and which give us sustenance...

for we cannot let our silences

again keep us apart

mortgage our identity

or even sell our pride

we do not want to suffer pain

privately at the end

because we know deep inside

we've only ourselves to blame

A Consideration of (Cultural) Context in Teacher Education

Konai Helu-Thaman (1992)

2. Talanoa is a popular and preferred means of communication that captures the traditions and protocols of the Pacific Islands. It is a Pasifika research methodology used to capture people's stories, realities and aspirations (Vaioleti, 2003). Talanoa can be referred to as a conversation, a talk, an exchange of ideas or thinking between people. It can be formal or informal and almost always carried out face to-face. Tala means to inform, tell, relate and command, as well as to ask or apply. Noa means of any kind, ordinary, nothing in particular, purely imaginary or void (Vaioleti, 2006). Talanoa is common in many parts of the Pacific, such as Samoa, Fiji and Tonga. It enables social engagement and can lead from storytelling to critical discussions. It is an approach that most Pasifika people relate to as they practice it everyday in their homes, churches and schools.

Talanoa Research Methodology: A Developing Position on Pacific Research

Timote M. Vaioleti (2006)

3. Sourced from my Tongan culture, is the kakala framework. Kakala refers to fragrant flowers woven together to make a garland, and has many equivalent concepts in Oceania such as lei (Hawaii), hei (Cook Islands) or salusalu (Fiji). Kakala embodies physical, social and spiritual elements and reflects the integrated nature of indigenous epistemologies and knowledge systems. There are three major processes associated with Kakala; toli, tui and luva. Toli is the collection and selection of flowers and other plant material for making the kakala...tui is the making or weaving of the kakala. The time taken to do this depends on the complexity and intricacies of the flowers...Luva is the final process and is about giving the kakala away to someone else as a sign of peace, love and respect. Kakala requires me to utilise knowledge from global as well as Pacific (indigenous) cultures in order to weave something that is meaningful and culturally appropriate for my students.

This is important because, teaching in my view, is essentially autobiographic: as teachers, we give of ourselves when we share our knowledge, skills and values with our students. If this is motivated by compassion, a commitment to peaceful and harmonious relations, and respects for one another's cultures, then sharing will lead to wisdom and sustainable relationships in the classroom and other learning contexts.

Teacher capacities for working towards peace and sustainable development

Konai Helu-Thaman (2010)

Blogpost #4 - Critical Reflection on my Journey so far...

TERM TWO 2021 - My Journey so far...

Inquiry Question: Can we make accelerated shifts in Literacy through teaching Identity and Cultural Competencies?

Have I used a range of sources to understand my students learning in a detailed way?

For my inquiry so far, I have used a range of sources to help me analyse and validate the students learning achievements to date. I have drawn upon summative assessments, a piece of formative assessments and learner voice. I have also had the opportunity to sit down and talanoa with the learners and their families in Term 1 for talanoa evening and more recently during our Tamariki Korero evening in Week 9. I know that a strong and positive relationship between the school and whanau plays a critical role in the learners' learning journey. 

Do I understand their strengths as much as I understand their areas for development?

I believe I have a sound understanding of my learners strengths and interests. Some students I know more of than others but that's due to lack of attendance. Something I did after my learner voice session with my learners was sit down with each student individually and talk to them more about what I could do more of as their teacher and also asked them questions such as: What would you like to learn more of? What sort of books do you enjoy reading, what writing genre should R11 focus on? What can we learn about next term that relates to the key concept of CONNECTIONS (in identity)?

I am also aware of most of my learners cultural backgrounds and encourage them to speak their languages in class. I need to get my hands on more dual language books to have them read it aloud in class and to each other.

Through my inquiry I have come to realise just how important learner voice is and how crucial it is to have a positive relationship with my learners. I believe that gaining my students' trust enables them to open up more and feel relaxed and comfortable to share, Korero, Talanoa and express EVERYTHING they feel about themselves, their interests and anything that helps with their journey of learning.

Have I developed a strong profile of their achievement?

I have considered using both formative and summative pieces of assessments, have drawn upon both qualitative and quantitative data to 'paint a reliable picture' of my student profiles. Am I comfortable with the tools/measures I've chosen to develop my student profiles? I'd say probably not. But I believe it's providing me with a solid foundation of something I can continue to build on.

A next step would be - referring to a more culturally responsive measure other than Talanoa. Something of relevance and familiar to the student that allows them to connect with and express their cultural identity.

Measures that I am using pre/ post intervention?

- Talanoa Methodology - Daily conversations and story telling with my learners - providing an insight into their engagement and well-being.

- PAT Assessments

- Probe Assessment

- Arbs Assessment Tasks in Literacy

Reading: The importance of Teacher Student relationships for Maori and Pasifika students 

Professional Reading #3

 Title of Book/Reading/Study Programme

The Reading Book

Author/s or Lecturer/s or Speaker/s

Sheena Cameron & Louise Dempsey

Synopsis

• Explicit teaching of Reading is important at all levels
• Reading for pleasure, Reading to support Writing, Reading to Learn
• Work to ensure students develop a love for a Reading and a love for Oral Language and Vocabulary
• Do a lot of Shared Reading with Year 7 & 8
• Reading Process - Critical Thinking, Cracking the Code (Decoding), Comprehension
•  

Motivation

• This Reading Book has helped re-ignite my passion for teaching Literacy. It started from the PD (beginning of Term 3) and since then, my planning for literacy has improved. It makes sense, I am more motivated to teach literacy and I have implemented changes into my planning and my teacher practice.
• I am CONFIDENT that with the changes/interventions I have in place, that my students will make great progress, come end of year assessments. I have more structure to my planning, I have goals in place and have belief that it's working in my class.

How will it help me? How has it helped me?

• This book has been a pivotal tool in my change of practice in literacy, particularly in Reading. In Term 3, I introduced a structured reading programme that includes modelled reading, shared reading, guided reading and independent reading.
• I have seen engagement from students that were disengaged from reading and hated the subject. Two students in particular would always claim they couldn't read any material whatsoever and would often ask me to read it for them. From Sheena's book + PD, she encouraged using song lyrics as a resource and use it to teach inferencing. I'd introduce the goal (WALT) through my shared reading lesson and continue it in the guided lesson. The inferences made by these students who claimed to not be able to read, was astounding. I highlighted parts of the lyrics for each student to infer. Responses from our discussions were recorded in the modelling book.
•  
  
  
  
• 
  
  
  
  

So What?

• Having a structured reading programme and following it consistently has been very effective. If this is the result from having changed my practice a term ago, I can't wait to see the difference it continues to make over time.
• Yes, having a structured programme has been a positive change, but I believe including Pasifika cultural competencies in my practice has contributed to the success also. For example, demonstrating awareness of my learners identities, cultures and languages underpins the way they think and learn. Having positive and respectful relationships enhances learning and well-being for my Pasifika students. Inclusion of effective pedagogies for my Pasifika learners such as Talanoa, celebration of language weeks, authentic learning experiences such as making an 'umu, roasting a pig on the spit or making a hangi are moments in time the learners' will celebrate and remember forever.

Professional Reading #2

Title of Book/Reading/Study Programme
Talanoa Research Methodology
Author/s or Lecturer/s or Speaker/s
Timote M Vaioleti
Synopsis
Author Timote argues that TALANOA is a personal encounter that enables peoples to story their issues, their realities and aspirations, allows more mo'oni (truth, pure, realities) information to be available...Talanoa can be referred to as a conversation, a talk, an exchange of ideas and thinking whether formal or informal. In a good talanoa encounter, noa creates the space and conditions, Tala intermingles the researcher/teacher and participants/students emotions, knowledges and experiences. This alliance leads to an energising and uplifting of the spirits, and to a positive state of connectedness and enlightenment (Vaioleti, 2006).
Motivation
This reading reinforces the importance of ensuring I know how to best communicate with my Pasifika learners. Taking into consideration my target students ethnic background, the group consists dominantly of Pasifika and Maori students. The Pasifika way is spoken rather than written, based on oratory and verbal negotiation which have deep traditional roots in Pasifika cultures. Talanoa for Pasifika inquiries and researches will make available more valid and authentic information than other methodologies. 
How will it help me? How has it helped me?
What I enjoy about talanoa with my students is the fact it removes distance and provides presence and a face they could connect to. It's a technique where the nature of the questions has not been determined in advance, but will depend on the way in which the Talanoa develops. It is a respectful, reciprocating interaction. The reciprocity embedded in the talanoa will raise the expectations that teacher and students have of each other, promoting mutual accountability, which adds to the trustworthiness and quality of the learning.
So What?

I'm going to encourage the talanoa methodology more effectively in my literacy lessons. Rather than having semi-structured comprehension open/close ended questions, give time and space for a talanoa to take place. Encourage the students to talanoa because research says that this particular methodological framework is more appropriate when inquiring or researching about Pasifika peoples (ie. my Pasifika learners).

Blog post #6: Most worthy hypotheses about teaching...

Explain the hypotheses about teaching that you decided were MOST worth testing, and why...

As identified in my blog post #5, my hypotheses are:

1. IF I provide opportunities for more authentic learning experiences, THEN my students will be able to read & write about it in a more communicative way, because they are able to make connections to it, and write in a way that connects their audience to the experience.
2. IF I see my target students consistently 3 times a week, for focused/guided sessions, THEN I can provide constructive feedback & feedforward on areas they need to work on i.e.Vocabulary - decoding, retrieving etc.
3. IF I teach my students at LEVEL 4 literacy (Reading & Writing), THEN we'll most likely produce accelerate results in literacy.
4. IF I change my teacher practice so that it encompasses opportunities of integrated learning, THEN my students will be able to consolidate strategies and learning in all areas of the curriculum (using the Learn, Create, Share model.
5. IF I can help develop my students knowledge of vocabulary, THEN my students will be readily prepared in literacy, for high school next year.

Highlighted above are 4 chosen hypotheses worth testing. WHY? Because I want to prove to myself that changing my practice will result in better student learning outcomes.

Providing opportunities for more authentic learning experiences, accelerate teaching, explicit teaching AND integrated learning is new to my practice. I'm hoping this change is for the better that end of year data proves it too.

• Authentic learning experiences enables deep sharing through talanoa, semi-structured interviews, questioning, visual learning and more.
• Seeing the students for in-depth guided lessons allows me to specify which areas in literacy they need support with. For example, in Vocabulary, there are many strategies to teach, such as decoding, retrieving, interpreting and explaining etc. Receiving constant feedback and feedforward is crucial to students developmental understanding.
• To receive accelerate progress, you must teach at an accelerate level. With the ALL intervention strategies such as front-loading, double dosing, gradual release of responsibility, I'm hoping the students learning will progress noticeably faster in an upward movement.
• Integration fits perfectly with the learn, create, share model. What better way to incorporate the Manaiakalani way than through integrated learning.

Professional Reading #1

Title of Book/Reading/Study Programme
How can a makerspace in the school setting increased motivation, engagement, and achievement for Pasifika and Maori

Author/s or Lecturer/s or Speaker/s
Rebecca Bishop and Savelina Lepou
Synopsis

• Through teacher-led inquiry, a group of teachers and students from an Auckland primary school created a school 'makerspace' learning environment with the aim to use it as a space to improve learning for Maori and Pasifika students at risk of underachieving.
• Students were engaged in the project. They responded well to the given opportunities in sharing their ideas, making choices and developing their skills for future use of the makerspace.
• Project based learning emerged as a pedagogy in the creation of the makerspace. (ie. Passion projects or Genius hour)
• Further teacher led inquiries were developed to investigate how teachers can effectively support students to transfer the skills from learning in the makerspace, back in to their classrooms.

Motivation

• This reading was given to me by Allen Wu (Woolf Fisher researcher), who suggested it would help with my inquiry this year. 
• This Reading provides insight into what I can apply in my classroom that will enable my target students to feel supported in their learning. To ensure my learning environment or 'makerspace' has accessible resources, student selected texts, technological devices, a culturally responsive setting that encourages them to feel 'safe' and motivated to learn in all areas, in particular, literacy. This will further support my CoL inquiry for the year.

How will it help me? How has it helped me?

• Importance of Student Voice and including students in decision making 
• Trusting the students to take the lead in the project
• Giving time to create, plan and reflect
• Online Resources - making sure everything was accessible by the students
• Purposeful Learning - students to know and be aware of the purpose for what and why they are learning it

So What?

• Making sure the class is an inclusive learning environment. Knowing it is important for our Maori and Pasifika students to feel at home and safe, giving them a sense of belonging.
• Acknowledging students ideas in what we're learning. If the students want to make an 'umu for their language week, encourage the idea. If they plan to build a school fale, support them with the planning for it.
• Provide an opportunity for higher level learning to take place - having resources available, provide opportunities for authentic learning experiences, reading and writing about their experiences etc.

Blog post #5: Developing Hypotheses...

Describe your process for developing hypotheses (hunch) e.g. what you read, who you talked with...

Developing a hypotheses proved to be challenging this year. With the national lockdown, everything that use to be deemed 'normal' was no more. So, I had to sit and really think this one through.

After discussions with my fellow CoL teacher (Poto) and our school Management team, we've identified that literacy is still an area of concern.

The following things are what I have identified as my hypotheses. I feel that if I manage to accomplish these steps or make some progress on these things, it will further clarify what my next steps would be in regards to my inquiry.

1. IF I provide opportunities for more authentic learning experiences, THEN my students will be able to read & write about it in a more communicative way, because they are able to make connections to it, and write in a way that connects their audience to the experience.
2. IF I encourage Talanoa as a methodology for gaining insight from my students, THEN I am taking into account my students ethnic/cultural practices and creating an environment that my students feel connected to.
3. IF I teach my students at LEVEL 4, THEN we'll most likely produce accelerate results.
4. IF I change my teacher practice so that it encompasses opportunities of integrated learning, THEN my students will be able to consolidate strategies and learning in all areas of the curriculum (using the Learn, Create, Share model.)
5. IF I can help develop my students knowledge of vocabulary in literacy, THEN my students will develop an in-depth understanding that will enable them to think critically about what they're reading/writing.

Sharing my Hypotheses...

1. Describe your process for developing hypotheses (hunch) e.g. what you read, who you talked with...

• Change in my teaching practice
• Change up choice of resources and materials
• Include student voice

2. Explain the hypotheses about teaching that you decided were MOST worth testing, and why...

What changes can I make in my teaching practice to ensure that I am meeting my students learning needs in Reading. I decided to focus on changing my choice of resources and materials to better suit the students. The first step I did was consult with my students. They told me what types of books they would like to read this term, what text type they prefer to read and what comprehension strategies they need support with.

3. For each of your hypotheses, explain how you will test it and what evidence would support (or refute) that hypothesis...

• Change in teaching practice: I have been reflecting on some of my lessons and asking my students for feedback on their learning. It's been quite effective being able to monitor what has been successful and what hasn't. I plan to video record myself teaching a reading lesson as evidence that further supports my hypothesis. I also plan to observe other teachers in the school and try and observe reading being taught at another school. By doing this, I could gain new ideas on the different approaches
• Choice of resources & materials: After collecting some student voice from my class, students identified having a preference for a mixture digital and hard copy texts. Being a digital learning school, I find myself dependent on digital resources, not realising that not all students enjoy that.
• To include student voice in my teaching practice was a challenge at first. It included a shift in mindset and tradition. For some of us we're immune to teachers being the decision makers and that's how some of us learnt at school. Now, having my students have a say in what they would like to learn, research their own information, create their own videos etc proves just how capable our students are. As teachers, we need to trust our students more and create opportunities to learn through exploration and inquiry.

Summary of my CoL experience for 2018

Summary of CoL Journey for 2018

Having started the CoL within schools teacher role half way through 2018, I decided to apply for the role again because it was an informative learning opportunity for me. I became more interested about Inquiring into students' learning and my own teacher practice.

Last year I had the opportunity to work with a group of 6 Year 8 boys and 1 Year 7 who were disengaged and not interested in Writing. They lacked self-confidence and self-belief in their ability to write. I implemented the Accelerated Learning in Literacy strategies of front-loading, double dosing and gradual release of responsibility into my teaching practice. I asked questions about their interests and incorporated their adoration of music and visual images into Writing.

Long story short - here are the results made by my focus group from 2018.